Water resistance for organic facades

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides for a coating formulation that includes a pigment, an organic aqueous emulsion and an organophosphonic acid of the formula: where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. The coating formulation can be used in forming a topcoat in an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS). The present disclosure also provides for a method of forming a topcoat on a surface of the EIFS that helps to protect the underlayment of the EIFS against both weathering and moisture while helping to maintain color retention.

FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates generally to coatings and moreparticularly to coatings for providing water resistance to organicfacades.

BACKGROUND

Water resistance in organic facades is important to maintain thestructural integrity of the building material. Typical organic facadessuch as “Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and “ExternalThermal Insulation Composite Systems” (ETICS) are highly textured paintformulations. These paint formulations use polymeric binders that helpto enhance the adhesive and reinforcing mortars used in the EIFS andETICS.

One significant issue with EIFS and ETICS is the ability to minimizemoisture infiltration. Moisture can cause structural damage to theunderlaying structure along with reducing the thermal insulatingcapacity of the building material. Excess moisture can also lead topropagation of algae, salt efflorescence and damage to the mortarassociated with freeze-thaw cycles. So, among the most important jobs ofthe exterior façade is to protect the underlayment against bothweathering and moisture. Hydrophobic materials such as silicones havebeen used to impart water resistance in exterior coatings. The challengewith silicone materials are they afford initial water resistance, butthey have a negative impact on color retention of the coating.

So, a new approach is needed to afford both improved water resistanceand color retention in organic facades.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides for a coating formulation for a topcoatin an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) that helps to protectthe underlayment of the EIFS against both weathering and moisture whilehelping to maintain color retention. The coating formulation of thepresent disclosure includes a pigment, an organic aqueous emulsion andan organophosphonic acid of the formula:

where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atomsor a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Forthe various embodiments, R of the organophosphonic acid is phenyl. Inadditional embodiments, R is an unsaturated alkyl having 2 carbon atomsto provide ethenylphosphonic acid.

The pigment is present in an amount to provide the coating formulationwith a total pigment volume concentration (PVC) content of 70 to 90percent. Preferably, the pigment is present in an amount to provide thecoating formulation with a total PVC content of 75 to 85 percent. In oneembodiment, the pigment is titanium dioxide.

For the various embodiments, the organic aqueous emulsion is selectedfrom the group consisting of an acrylic aqueous emulsion, a polyurethanedispersion, a polyolefin dispersion and combinations thereof.Preferably, the organic aqueous emulsion is an acrylic aqueous emulsion.For the various embodiments, the acrylic aqueous emulsion is formed witha polymer resin selected from the group consisting of an acrylic resin,a styrene-acrylic resin and combinations thereof. For the embodiments,polymer resin (e.g., either the acrylic resin or the styrene-acrylicresin) is formed with a monomer selected from the group consisting ofacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile,ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, styrene andcombinations thereof.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can include 4 to 10weight percent (wt. %) of the polymer resin from the organic aqueousemulsion. Preferably, the coating formulation can include 5 to 8 wt. %of the polymer resin from the organic aqueous emulsion. Most preferably,the coating formulation can include 6 to 7 wt. % of the polymer resinfrom the organic aqueous emulsion. The wt. % of the polymer resin is thedry weight of the organic aqueous emulsion based on the total solidsweight of the coating formulation. Preferably, organic aqueous emulsionis the acrylic aqueous emulsion acrylic, where the wt. % of the acrylicis the dry weight of the acrylic aqueous emulsion based on the totalsolids weight of the coating formulation.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can include 0.5 to 5wt. % of the organophosphonic acid. Preferably, the coating formulationcan include 0.7 to 1.5 wt. % of the organophosphonic acid based on thetotal solids weight of the coating formulation. The wt. % of theorganophosphonic acid is based on the total solids weight of the coatingformulation. For the various embodiments, the organophosphonic acid isselected from the group consisting of 4-methoxyphenyl phosphonic acid,benzylphosphonic acid, butylphosphonic acid, carboxyethylphosphonicacid, diphenylphosphinic acid, dodecylphosphonic acid,ethylidenediphosphonic acid, heptadecylphosphonic acid,methylbenzylphosphinic acid, naphthylmethylphosphinic acid,octadecylphosphonic acid, octylphosphonic acid, pentylphosphonic acid,methylphenylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, styrene phosphonicacid, dodecyl bis-1,12-phosphonic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) phosphonicacid and combinations thereof.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can also furtherinclude a filler selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide,sand, aggregate and combinations thereof. The coating formulation of thepresent disclosure can also further include an extender selected fromthe group consisting of clay, calcium carbonate, silicates, aluminasilicates, talc, dolomite, silicate minerals and combinations thereof.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can be used in forminga topcoat in an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS). The methodof forming the topcoat on a surface of the EIFS includes applying thecoating formulation of the present disclosure on the surface of the EIFSand allowing the coating formulation to dry on the surface of the EIFSto form a topcoat on the surface of the EIFS. As discuss herein, thetopcoat on the surface of the EIFS can help to protect the underlaymentof the EIFS against both weathering and moisture while helping tomaintain color retention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure provides for a coating formulation for a topcoatin an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) that helps to protectthe underlayment of the EIFS against both weathering and moisture whilehelping to maintain color retention.

In the present disclosure, references to percent or percent weight arebased on dry weight of the composition, unless otherwise specified.Unless otherwise indicated, all temperature and pressure units are roomtemperature (23° C.) and standard pressure (101.3 kPa, STP). All rangesrecited in the disclosure are inclusive and combinable. All phrasescomprising parentheses denote either or both of the includedparenthetical matter and its absence. For example, the phrase“(meth)acrylate” includes, in the alternative, acrylate andmethacrylate.

Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) as used herein are ageneral class of non-load bearing building cladding systems thatprovides exterior walls with an insulated, water-resistant, finishedsurface in an integrated composite material system. Systems like EIFSinclude those known as an external wall insulation system and anexternal thermal insulation cladding system (ETICS). The use of EIFS andETICS can be used interchangeably herein. As is known in the art, thetwo classes of EIFS are Class PB (polymer based, identified as PB EIFS)and Class PM (polymer modified, identified as PM EIFS). PB EIFS have aninsulation board (e.g., expanded polystyrene (EPS) or polyisocyanurate)adhered to the substrate with a mesh (e.g., fiberglass mesh) embedded ina nominal base coat. PM EIFS has an extruded polystyrene insulation(REPS) and a thick, cementitious base coat applied over mechanicallyattached reinforcing mesh. The coating formulation of the presentdisclosure can be used to form the base coat or as a top coat or finishcoat of the EIFS.

The pigment volume concentration (PVC) is the amount of a particularpigment that can be properly wetted once added to a coating formulation.The pigment in the coating formulation needs enough “wetting” by thepolymer to create a protective coating. The point at which there is justenough polymer to wet the pigment particles is known as the criticalpigment volume concentration (CPVC). Below the CPVC there is enoughpolymer for pigment wetting and above the CPVC there is not. There areabrupt changes in the coating properties at the CPVC. Calculate the PVCusing the following equation:

% PVC=100*V _(pigment)/(V _(pigment) +V _(binder))

-   -   V_(pigment)=Pigment volume    -   V_(binder)=Acrylic binder present in the Acrylic Aqueous        Emulsion volume

Reference: W. K. Asbeck; Maurice Van Loo Ind. Eng. Chem. 1949, 41 (7),1470-1475. Sarah Sands Golden Artist Colors 2016, 34, 1, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Delta E (Δ E) is a metric for understanding how the human eye perceivescolor difference. ΔE is a single number that represents the ‘distance’between two colors. On a typical scale, the ΔE value will range from 0to 100. A ΔE of 1.0 is the smallest color difference the human eye cansee. Any ΔE less than 1.0 is imperceptible and it stands to reason thatany ΔE greater than 1.0 is noticeable.

ΔE* (Total Color Difference) is calculated based on A L*, a*, b* colordifferences and represents the distance of a line between the sample andstandard. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) CIE76formula was used to calculate all values:

ΔE*=√{square root over ((L* ₂ −L* ₁)²+(a* ₂ a* ₁)²+(b* ₂ −B* ₁)²)}

Where the above formula is found in any of the following: Hunter Lab(https://www.hunterlab.com); Digital Color Imaging Handbook (1.7.2 ed.)Sharma, Gaurav (2003) CRC Press (ISBN 0-8493-0900-X), which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

As used herein the term “acrylic” refers to polymers that comprise thepolymerization product of monomer mixtures containing more than 50 wt.%, based on total monomer solids, of any acrylic monomers such as, forexample, acrylates, methacrylates, (meth)acrylamides, and (meth)acrylicacids. Other acrylic monomers as also possible and provided herein.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure includes a pigment, anorganic aqueous emulsion and an organophosphonic acid of the formula:

where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atomsor a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

The pigment is present in an amount to provide the coating formulationwith a total pigment volume concentration (PVC) content of 70 to 90percent. Preferably, the pigment is present in an amount to provide thecoating formulation with a total PVC content of 75 to 85 percent. Forthe avoidance of doubt, PVC is calculated using the formula recitedbelow, where V_(pigment) represents the volume of pigment within thecoating formulation, and V_(binder) represents the volume of polymericbinder within the composition

PVC (%)=V _(pigment)/(V _(pigment) +V _(binder))×100

Preferably, the exterior coating formulation comprises from 10 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the exterior coating formulation, ofwater. Preferably, the exterior coating formulation is a topcoat in anexterior insulation and finish system (EIFS).

The pigment may be an inorganic pigment, e.g., a titanium, aluminum,cobalt, copper, iron, chromium, lead, manganese, titanium or tinpigment, or the pigment may be an organic pigment, e.g., carbon black.Preferably, the pigment is an inorganic pigment, more preferably atitanium pigment and most preferably titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Whenpresent as a dry mix formulation preferably comprises such pigment(s) inan amount no more than 10 wt. %, preferably from 1 to 10 wt. %, based onthe total weight of the dry mix formulation.

For the various embodiments, the organic aqueous emulsion is selectedfrom the group consisting of an acrylic aqueous emulsion, a polyurethanedispersion, a polyolefin dispersion and combinations thereof. Thecoating formulation of the present disclosure can include 4 to 10 weightpercent (wt. %) of the polymer resin from the organic aqueous emulsion.Preferably, the coating formulation can include 5 to 8 wt. % of thepolymer resin from the organic aqueous emulsion. Most preferably, thecoating formulation can include 6 to 7 wt. % of the polymer resin fromthe organic aqueous emulsion. The wt. % of the polymer resin is the dryweight of the organic aqueous emulsion based on the total solids weightof the coating formulation.

For the various embodiments, the organic aqueous emulsion is preferablyan acrylic aqueous emulsion. The acrylic aqueous emulsion of the variousembodiments is formed with a polymer resin selected from the groupconsisting of an acrylic resin, a styrene-acrylic resin and combinationsthereof. The coating formulation of the present disclosure can include 4to 10 weight percent (wt. %) of the polymer resin from the acrylicaqueous emulsion. Preferably, the coating formulation can include 5 to 8wt. % of the polymer resin from the acrylic aqueous emulsion. Mostpreferably, the coating formulation can include 6 to 7 wt. % of thepolymer resin from the acrylic aqueous emulsion. The wt. % of thepolymer resin is the dry weight of the polymer resin from the acrylicaqueous emulsion based on the total solids weight of the coatingformulation.

For the embodiments, the polymer resin (e.g., either the acrylic resinor the styrene-acrylic resin) of the acrylic aqueous emulsion is formedwith a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid,methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate,butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, styrene and combinations thereof.Other ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be copolymerized with theacrylic resin or the styrene-acrylic resin. The composition of theresultant resin copolymer is largely dependent upon the application.Examples of these other monomers for forming the acrylic resin or thestyrene-acrylic resin can include acrylamide, t-amyl methacrylate,n-decyl methacrylate, n-dodecyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octylmethacrylate and combinations thereof. Preferably, the polymer resin isformed with monomers selected from the group consisting of butylacrylate, methyl acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate. In an additionalembodiment, the polymer resin is formed from acrylic acid, butylacrylate, methyl methacrylate and styrene.

The polymer resin used in the acrylic aqueous emulsion has a Tg of 0 to35° C. measured according to ASTM D6604-00 (2017). Preferably, thepolymer resin used in the acrylic aqueous emulsion has a Tg of 10 to 30°C. measured according to ASTM D6604-00 (2017). The Tg of the polymerresin can be calculated by using the Fox Equation (T. G. Fox, Bull. Am.Physics Soc., Volume 1, Issue No. 3, page 123 (1956)), where calculatingthe T_(g,mix) of a copolymer of monomers M₁ through M_(i) is determinedusing the equation:

1/T _(g,mix)≈Σ_(i)ω_(i) /T _(g,i)

wherein T_(g,mix) is the glass transition temperature calculated for thecopolymer; w_(i) is the weight fraction of monomer M_(i) in thecopolymer; Tg_(i) is the glass transition temperature of the homopolymerof M_(i), all temperatures being in degree Kelvin. The glass transitiontemperature of homopolymers may be found, for example, in “PolymerHandbook”, edited by J. Brandrup and E. H. Immergut, IntersciencePublishers. In calculating Tgs herein the contribution of copolymerizedgraftlinking monomers is excluded. The calculated Tg is calculated fromthe total overall composition of the polymer resin.

The polymer resin used in the acrylic aqueous emulsion can have a weightaverage molecular weight of 50,000 to 1,000,000. Techniques formeasuring the weight average molecular weight include, but are notlimited to, static light scattering or gel permeation chromatography(GPC) using polystyrene standards, as are known in the art.

The polymerization techniques used to prepare the acrylic aqueousemulsion are well known in the art (e.g., examples disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 4,325,856; 4,654,397; and 4,814,373 among others). As notedherein, the polymer resin of the acrylic aqueous emulsion can beprepared as an acrylic polymer waterborne emulsion formed using emulsionpolymerization techniques. Conventional surfactants may be used such as,for example, anionic and/or nonionic emulsifiers such as, for example,alkali metal or ammonium alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonic acids, fattyacids, and oxyethylated alkyl phenols. The amount of surfactant used canbe from 0.1% to 6% by weight, based on the weight of total monomer.Either thermal or redox initiation processes may be used. Conventionalfree radical initiators may be used such as, for example, hydrogenperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, t-amyl hydroperoxide, ammonium and/oralkali persulfates, typically at a level of 0.01% to 3.0% by weight,based on the weight of total monomer. Redox systems using the sameinitiators coupled with a suitable reductant such as, for example,sodium sulfoxylate formaldehyde, sodium hydrosulfite, isoascorbic acid,hydroxylamine sulfate and sodium bisulfite may be used at similarlevels, optionally in combination with metal ions such as, for exampleiron and copper, optionally further including complexing agents for themetal. The monomer mixture for a stage may be added neat or as anemulsion in water. The monomer mixture for a stage may be added in asingle addition or more additions or continuously over the reactionperiod allotted for that stage using a uniform or varying composition;preferred is the addition of the polymer monomer(s) emulsion as a singleaddition. Additional ingredients such as, for example, free radicalinitiators, oxidants, reducing agents, chain transfer agents, chelatingagents, stabilizing agents, neutralizers, surfactants, and dispersantsmay be added prior to, during, or subsequent to any of the stages.

Exemplary acrylic aqueous emulsions include those provided under thetrade designator UCAR™ from The Dow Chemical Company (Midland, Mich.),PRIMAL™ brand emulsions available from The Dow Chemical Company,RHOPLEX™ brand acrylic emulsions available from The Dow ChemicalCompany, and HYDRHOLAC™ brand aqueous dispersion polymers available fromThe Dow Chemical Company. Water may account for 10 wt. % to 99 wt. % ofa total weight of the aqueous composition.

Examples of the polyurethane dispersion (PU dispersion) useful in thepresent disclosure include those prepared by reacting polyols withpolyisocyanates through the processes and under conditions well known inthe art. Commercially available PU dispersions may also be used in thepresent disclosure. Examples of commercially available PU dispersionsinclude PRIMAL™ U-91 available from the Dow Chemical Company, BAYHYDROL™UH 240, BAYHYDROL™ UH XP 2648 and IMPRANIL™ DL 1537 available from BayerMaterial Science AG. Examples of the polyolefin dispersion (POdispersion) useful in the present disclosure include, for example,propylene- and ethylene-based dispersions as are known in the art.Examples of the PO dispersion useful in the present disclosure alsoinclude those based on olefin block copolymers. Examples of the POdispersions useful in the present disclosure include those commerciallyavailable under the tradename HYPDOD™ and CANVERA™, both available fromThe Dow Chemical Company.

For the organophosphonic acid, the organo group may be a monomeric,oligomeric or polymeric group. The organophosphonic acid of the presentdisclosure preferably has the formula:

where R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2 to 10 carbon atomsor a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.Preferably, R of the organophosphonic acid is phenyl. In an additionalpreferably embodiment, R is an unsaturated alkyl having 2 carbon atomsto provide ethenylphosphonic acid. Examples of organo groups which maycomprise R include long and short chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatichydrocarbons and substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons and substitutedaromatic hydrocarbons. Examples of substituents include carboxyl such ascarboxylic acid, hydroxyl, amino, imino, amido, thio, cyano, fluoro suchas CF₃(C_(n)F_(2n))CH₂CH₂PO₃H₂ where n=3 to 15,CF₃(CF₂)_(x)O(CF₂CF₂)_(y)—CH₂CH₂—PO₃H₂ where x is 0 to 7, y is 1 to 20and x+y≤27, phosphonate, phosphinate, sulfonate, carbonate and mixedsubstituents.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can include 0.5 to 5wt. % of the organophosphonic acid. Preferably, the coating formulationcan include 0.7 to 1.5 wt. % of the organophosphonic acid based on thetotal solids weight of the coating formulation. The wt. % of theorganophosphonic acid is based on the total solids weight of the coatingformulation.

For the various embodiments, representative organophosphonic acid areselected from the group consisting of 4-methoxyphenyl phosphonic acid,benzylphosphonic acid, butylphosphonic acid, carboxyethylphosphonicacid, diphenylphosphinic acid, dodecylphosphonic acid,ethylidenediphosphonic acid, heptadecylphosphonic acid,methylbenzylphosphinic acid, naphthylmethylphosphinic acid,octadecylphosphonic acid, octylphosphonic acid, pentylphosphonic acid,methylphenylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, styrene phosphonicacid, dodecyl bis-1,12-phosphonic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) phosphonicacid and combinations thereof. Other organophosphonic acids includedamino trismethylenephosphonic acid, aminobenzylphosphonic acid, 3-aminopropyl phosphonic acid, O-aminophenyl phosphonic acid, 4-methoxyphenylphosphonic acid, aminophenylphosphonic acid, aminopropylphosphonic acid,benzhydrylphosphonic acid, bis-(perfluoroheptyl) phosphonic acid andperfluorohexyl phosphonic acid. In addition to the monomericorganophosphonic acids, oligomeric or polymeric organophosphonic acidsresulting from self-condensation of the respective monomeric acids maybe used.

The organophosphonic acid can be dissolved or dispersed in a diluent.Suitable diluents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol orpropanol; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, isooctane and decane,ethers, for example, tetrahydrofuran and dialkylethers such asdiethylether. Also, aqueous alkaline solutions such as sodium andpotassium hydroxide can be used as the diluent.

In addition, the coating formulation of the present disclosure canfurther include other conventional additives such as, for example, anantifoaming agent, which is typically present in an amount of up to 1.5wt. %, based on total solids. Other additives that may be employed, inconventional amounts, include one or more salts, such as CaCl₂), MgCl₂,monosaccharides, disaccharides, dispersants or superplasticizers.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can further include afiller and/or extender particles. Such filler or extender particles areincluded to provide opacity to the coating formulation. If present, thefiller or extender particles are preferably included in an amount offrom 2 to 30 wt. %, more preferably from 4 to 25 wt. %, even morepreferably from 10 to 15 wt. %, based on the dry weight of the coatingformulation.

For the various embodiments, the filler is selected from the groupconsisting of silicon dioxide, sand, aggregate and combinations thereof.The coating formulation of the present disclosure can also furtherinclude an extender selected from the group consisting of clay, calciumcarbonate, silicates, alumina silicates, talc, dolomite, silicateminerals and combinations thereof. Most preferably, the filler orextender particles are selected from calcium carbonate, silicates andcombinations thereof.

The coating formulation of the present disclosure can be used in forminga topcoat in an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS), asprovided herein. As appreciated by one skilled in the art, the mostexterior layer of an EIFS is called the topcoat. Other layers of theEIFS include an inner layer of foam plastic insulation (e.g.,polystyrene boardstock) and an intermediate adhesive filler layerapplied on the outer face of the foam plastic insulation. The adhesivefiller layer substantially surrounds and fills a reinforcing mesh, whichis embedded in the adhesive filler layer.

The topcoat is normally a colored (e.g., includes a pigment) andtextured paint-like material that is applied with a trowel or byspraying. A wide range of colors and textures are available for thetopcoat. Examples of textures include smooth surfaces, rough stucco-liketextures, embedded stone chips, granite-like mixtures and brick-liketreatments, among others.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a method of forming thetopcoat on a surface of the EIFS. The method includes applying thecoating formulation as discussed herein on the surface of the EIFS andallowing the coating formulation to dry on the surface of the EIFS toform a topcoat on the surface of the EIFS. Application and drying of thecoating formulation of the present disclosure to form the topcoat cantake place at an ambient temperature of 5° C. to 30° C. and a relativehumidity of less than 85%. As discuss herein, the topcoat on the surfaceof the EIFS can help to protect the intermediate and inner layers of theEIFS against both weathering and moisture while helping to maintaincolor retention.

EXAMPLES

Obtain all data by evaluating an organic binder with selected materials(e.g., organophosphonic acids, silicones) in either an ExteriorInsulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) or an “External Thermal InsulationComposite Systems” (ETICS) formulation. Both formulations are summarizedin Table 1. All raw materials listed in Table 1 were obtained ascommercial samples or purchased and evaluated as received.

EIFS Formulations

Use multiple EIFS formulations to evaluate the impact of theorganophosphonic acids on both water absorption and color retention.EIFS Formulation 1 and EIFS Formulation 2 (Table 1) are latexformulations found in current technical datasheets for Rhoplex™ EI-2000(The Dow Chemical Company, North America) and UCAR™ 424 (The DowChemical Company, Europe), respectively. The primary differences betweenEIFS Formulation 1 and EIFS Formulation 2 are the extenders and thepigment volume concentration (PVC). EIFS Formulation 1 has a PVC of 78.8and uses Minex™ (nephylene synite, Al_(x)Si_(y)O_(z)) as an extender.EIFS Formulation 2 has a PVC of 82.7 and uses calcium carbonate as anextender. Use Rhoplex™ EI-2000 (The Dow Chemical Company), and UCAR™ 424(The Dow Chemical Company, Europe) as the EIFS controls for all testing.Use these materials as received. The examples herein also use“Dispersion 1” where the procedure to prepare Dispersion 1 is seenbelow. Table 1 provides a summary of each EIFS Formulation.

TABLE 1 Summary of EIFS Formulations EIFS EIFS Ingredient FunctionFormulation 1 Formulation 2 Grams (g) % wt. g % wt. Rhoplex ™ EI-2000Binders 287.79 18.035% (46.5%) UCAR ™ DL424 218.60 13.84% (49.5%)Ethylene Glycol Solvents 5.00 0.313% Methocel ™ J75MS Thickeners.Nonionic 1.60 0.10% Nopco ™NXZ Defoamers 2.00 0.125% 1.60 0.10% Calgon ™N (10%) Dispersants 16.00 1.01% Tamol ™ 165A Dispersants.Hydrophobic3.00 0.19% (21%) Copolymer Ti-Pure ™ R-746 Pigments, Titanium 64.884.065% 136.80 8.66% Dioxide Temisca ™#15 sand 142.26 8.915% 191.5012.12% Unimin ™ 50-30 Pigments, Functional 850.00 53.266% 780.30 49.39%sand Attagel ™ 50 10.00 0.627% Minex ™ 4 Pigments, Extender 137.038.587% Durcal ™ 2 CaCCh Extender 95.70 6.06% Durcal ™ 40 79.80 5.05%Rozone ™ 2000 Preservatives 2.00 0.125% 1.60 0.10% Texanol EsterCoalescents 3.97 0.249% Alcohol Dowanol ™ DPnB 6.40 0.41% Ammonia (28%)Neutralizing Agents 2.50 0.157% 3.20 0.20% Sodium Hydroxide (10%)Acrysol ™ ASE-60 Thickeners. Ionic 7.50 0.470% Water Water 80.84 5.066%43.70 2.77% Totals 1595.77 100 1579.80 100 Property Value Value TotalVolume gal 100.2 92.6 Total Weight lb 1595.8 1579.8 Total PVC % 78.882.7 Volume Solids % 67.32 71.54 Weight Solids % 82.89 86.03 Densitylb/gal 15.923 17.058 Dry Density lb/gal 19.530 20.445 Total Coalescent %2.97 5.97 Total Dispersant % 0.00 0.18 VOC Generic Water g/L 18.2 13.5Exc fCPVC % 101.2 107.9 % Organic Polymer % 8.39% 6.85%

TABLE 2 Materials Used in Examples Chemical Description Source Rhoplex ™EI-2000 Acrylic Aqueous Emulsion The Dow Chemical Company Emulsion(46.5% Active) (US only) (https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/)UCAR ™ DL 424 Styrene-Acrylic Aqueous The Dow Chemical Company EmulsionEmulsion (49.5% Active) (Europe only) (https://www.dow.com/en-us/product-search/) Phenylphosphinic Acid Catalog# P28808 Sigma-AldrichChemical CAS Number 1779-48-2 Company (https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/)Vinylphosphonic Acid Catalog# 396311 Sigma-Aldrich Chemical CAS Number1746-03-8 Company (iittps://www.sigmaaldrich.com/) n-OctylphosphonicAcid Catalog# 735914 Sigma-Aldrich Chemical CAS Number: 4724-48-5Company (https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/) DOWSIL ™ IE-6683 Water Emulsionblend of Silane and Dow Corning Corporation Repellent Siloxane (40%Active) (https://consumer.dow.com/en-us.html) XIAMETER ® RSN-5314 Liquidphenyl, phenylmethyl Dow Corning Corporation Resin methoxy functionalintermediate (https://consumer.dow.com/en-us.html) XIAMETER ™ OFS-6595n-Octyltriethoxysilane Dow Corning Corporation Silane(https://consumer.dow.com/en-us.html) DOWSIL ™ IE-2404 Silicone resinemulsion for Dow Corning Corporation Emulsion coating applications (50%(https://consumer.dow.com/en-us.html) Active) TEGO ®Phobe 1650 siliconeresin emulsion for the Evonik Industries AG hydrophobation of facade(https://corporate.evonik.com/en/) coatings (50% Active) Dow Corning ™QI-3563 OH end-blocked Dow Corning Corporation polydimethylsiloxane(https://consumer.dow.com/en-us.html) Ethylene Glycol Ethylene GlycolFisher Scientific CAS# 107-21-1 (https://www.fishersci.com/us/) Catalog#E178-500 Methocel ™ J75MS Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Chempoint (HPMC)thickener (https://www.chempoint.com/) Viscosity range 60,000 to 75,000cPs Nopco ™ NXZ defoamer CAS# 12794-56-8 (or BASF FOAMASTER NXZ)(https://worldaccount.basf.com/) Calgon ™ N (10%) medium chain sodiumICL Advanced Additives polyphosphate CAS#: 68915-31-1 Tamol ™ 165AAmmonium salt of a The Dow Chemical Company hydrophobic copolymer(https://www.dow.com/en- dispersant (21% Active) us/product-search/)Ti-Pure ™ R-746 A multipurpose rutile titanium The Chemours Companydioxide slurry of Ti-Pure ® R-706 (https://www.chemours.com/) (76%Active) Temisca ™ #15 sand Silica Sand Opta Minerals Inc. Unimin ™ 50-30sand Silica Sand The Cary Company (MicroTalc ® MP 50-30)(https://www.thecarycompany.com/) Attagel ® 50 Attapulgite, highlypulverized BASF powder (https://worldaccount.basf.com/) Median ParticleSize 9 microns CAS# 12174-11-7 Minex ® 4 Nepheline Syenite The CaryCompany CAS#: 37244-96-5 (https://www.thecarycompany.com/) MedianParticle Size 7.6 microns Durcal ™ 2 Calcium Carbonate (or OmyaOmyacarb ® 2) (https://www.omya.com/) CAS#: 72608-12-9 Median ParticleSize 2 microns Durcal ™ 40 Calcium Carbonate (or Omya Omyacarb ® 2)(https://www.omya.com/) CAS#: 72608-12-9 Median Particle Size 45 micronsRozone ™ 2000 A preservative based on dichloro Chempointoctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT) (https://www.chempoint.com/) Texanol EsterAlcohol 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3 -pentanediol Sigma-Aldrich Chemicalmonoisobutyrate Company (CAS# 25265-77-4)(https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/) Dowanol ™ DPnB Dipropylene glycoln-butyl ether The Dow Chemical Company (CAS# 29911-28-2)(https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/) Ammonia (28%) AmmoniumHydroxide, ACD Fisher Scientific Reagent (https://www.fishersci.com/us/)Catalog# A669S-500 CAS# 1336-21-6 Sodium Hydroxide (50%) SodiumHydroxide Solution Fisher Scientific (50% w/w)(https://www.fishersci.com/us/) Catalog# SS410-4 CAS# 1310-73-2Acrysol ™ ASE-60 Alkali-Soluble Anionic The Dow Chemical CompanyThickener (28% Active) (https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/)Phosphoric acid Catalog# 695890 Sigma-Aldrich Chemical 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate CAS Number 52628-03-2 Company ester(https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/) Rhodacal ® DS-4 Aqueous solution ofsodium Rhodia Solvay Group dodecyl (branched) benzene(https://www.solvay.com/) sulfonate (22.5% Actives) CAS# 25155-30-0Aerosol ™ 22 Tetrasodium n-(1,2- Rhodia Solvay GroupDicarboxyethyl)-n-Octadecyl (https://www.solvay.com/) SulfosuccinamateCAS# 38916-42-6 Aqueous solution (35% actives) Tamol ™ 850 AcrylicPolyacid Dispersant The Dow Chemical Company Aqueous Solution (30%Actives) (https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/) Zoco ® 101 ZincOxide Zochem LLC CAS#: 1314-13-2 (https://www.zochem.com/) Skane ™ M-8Mildewcide 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, The Dow Chemical Company CAS#2653902901 (https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/) Natrosol 250 MXRHydroxyethylcellulose is a Ashland nonionic water-soluble cellulose(https://www.ashland.com/) ether. SnowWhite ® 12 Calcium Carbonate (orOmya Omyacarb ® 2) (https://www.omya.com/) CAS#: 72608-12-9 MedianParticle Size 12 microns Ti-Pure ™ R-960 A multipurpose rutile titaniumThe Chemours Company dioxide (https://www.chemours.com/) Rhoplex ™EC-1791 Acrylic Copolymer Dispersion The Dow Chemical Company (55%Solids) (https://www.dow.com/en- us/product-search/)

Procedure

Dispersion 1

To a 5 L glass reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer (IKA ModelRW20), thermocouple, condenser and a stainless-steel dip-tube add 660grams (g) of deionized (DI) water at ambient temperature (21° C.) andwarmed to 84° C. Prepare a monomer emulsion (ME) by mixing 435 g DIwater, 50.0 g Rhodacal® DS-4, 1135.7 g n-Butyl Acrylate, 24.7 gMethacrylic Acid, 726.1 g Methyl Methacrylate and 11.2 g Phosphoric acid2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Ester. With the DI water in the reactor at84° C., an aqueous solution composed of 4.25 g Rhodacal® DS-4 and 18 gDI water was added to the glass reactor. Add 75.7 g of the ME to theglass reactor followed by an aqueous solution of 4.7 g sodium persulfateand 53 g DI water. Reduce the temperature of the reactor to 76° C. Thereaction is exothermic causing the temperature of the reactor content toreach 84° C. within 5 minutes. Next pump the ME with a FMI pump (FluidMeter Incorporated, Syosset, N.Y.) at 14 g/min into the reactor.Simultaneously, add aqueous solution A (composed of 2.82 g of sodiumpersulfate and 207 g DI water) and aqueous solution B (composed of 9.38g ammonium hydroxide (30% Active) and 177 g DI water) at 1.24 g/min intothe reactor using a syringe pump. Maintain the reactor temperaturebetween 84-86° C. After 20 minutes, increase the feed rates of the MEand the aqueous solutions A and B to 28 and 2.48 g/min, respectively.After 90 min, both the ME and aqueous solutions A and B feeds werecomplete. Rinse the ME feed line with 43 g DI water. Cool the reactor to75° C. Next, add three solutions to the reactor sequentially: 1) anaqueous solution composed of 0.0015 g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate,0.010 g ethylenediaminediacetic acid tetrasodium salt hydrate and 9 g DIwater, 2) 0.11 g isoascorbic acid and 9 g DI water and 3) 0.31 g of anaqueous solution of tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP, 70%) and 9 g DIwater. Add each solution sequentially to the reactor over about 30seconds. Add two aqueous solutions to the reactor over 30 minutes. Theseaqueous solutions: Solution 1 is composed of 0.44 g isoascorbic acid and22 g DI water and Solution 2 is composed of 1.20 g t-BHP and 22 g DIwater. Cool the reactor from about 75 to 60° C. during these feeds. At50° C., add 10.38 g of an ammonium hydroxide solution (30% active) tothe reactor. Add 27.0 g of Aerosol 22 surfactant to the reactor. Feed asolution composed of 15.7 g sodium hydroxide solution (50% active) and146 g DI water to the reactor over 30 minutes. The resulting Dispersion1 was isolated and analyzed: 45.4% Solids; pH 10.0, 4 ppm MMA, and 219ppm BA. Particle size of the dispersion was 169 nm using a BrookhavenInstruments 90 Plus Particle Size Analyzer.

Example (EX) and Comparative Example (CE) of Coating Formulation

Prepare each Example (EX) and Comparative Example (CE) of the coatingformulation using a Hobart® Stand Mixer (Model N-50 Hobart Mixer, Troy,Ohio) by adding the materials in the order listed in Table 3 startingwith the specified organic binder. Usage levels reported are versus theactive polymer content and not the total formulation weight. Prepareeach EX and CE at room temperature (23° C.). Use the low speed settingsfor the Hobart® mixer model, unless specified otherwise. Mix thecompleted EX or CE for 30 minutes. Equilibrate all coating formulationsfor 24 hours before use.

TABLE 3 Organic EIFS 1 Day 2 Day 7 Day Binder Additive Formulation AveStdev Ave Stdev Ave Stdev Controls-Base Polymer without additives CE AEI-2000 None EIFS 1 6.32% 0.19% 5.72% 0.16% 5.66% 0.23% CE B DL424 NoneEIFS 1 13.36% 0.78% 12.32% 0.68% 12.48% 0.44% ComparativeExamples-Silicone/Silanes CE C DL424 10% IE-6683 EIFS 1 8.05% 0.05%10.62% 0.30% 11.29% 0.48% CE D DL424 10% RSN-5314 EIFS 1 14.57% 0.04%15.40% 0.10% 14.90% 0.28% CE E DL424 10% OFS-6595 EIFS 1 6.02% 0.26%7.61% 0.03% 9.94% 0.20% EX and EX with EIFS Formulation 1 (EIFS1)-Evaluated Phenyl, Vinyl, Octyl Phosphonic Acids (% versus activepolymer content) CE F Dispersion 1 None EIFS 1 10.98 0.61 10.55 0.929.59 1.05 EX 1 EI-2000 5% PhPO(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.97 0.01 4.75 0.12 4.95 0.34EX 2 DL424 4% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.33 0.09 4.59 0.05 4.87 0.10 EX 3EI-2000 1.5% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.64 0.09 4.76 0.05 4.87 0.06 EX 4El-2000 0.7% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.21 0.10 4.31 0.13 4.60 0.13 EX 5EI-2000 0.7% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.15 0.21 4.14 0.15 4.38 0.10 EX 6EI-2000 0.5% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.42 0.11 4.42 0.06 4.59 0.17 EX 7EI-2000 0.25% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.26 0.07 4.41 0.02 4.69 0.18 EX 8EI-2000 0.1% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.81 0.13 4.76 0.09 4.88 0.16 EX 9EI-2000 0.5% VinylP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 4.23 0.11 4.21 0.16 4.37 0.07 EX 10EI-2000 0.89% OctylP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 1 7.78 0.80 7.39 0.69 7.11 0.40 EX andEX with EIFS Formulation 2 (EIFS 2)-Evaluated Phenyl, Vinyl, OctylPhosphonic Acids (% versus active polymer content) CE K DL424 None EIFS2 5.29% 0.40% 4.93% 0.45% 5.15% 0.44% CE M DL424 5% IE-6683 EIFS 2 5.63%0.15% 5.28% 0.09% 4.59% 0.24% CE N DL424 15% IE-6683 EIFS 2 5.87% 0.17%6.15% 0.07% 5.34% 0.08% EX 11 DL424 5% PhP(O)(OH)₂ EIFS 2 4.07% 0.05%4.55% 0.66% CE O DL424 10% PDMS-OH EIFS 2 5.27% 0.13% 4.78% 0.52% 5.50%0.94%Water Absorption in Films from EX and CE Coating Formulations

Draw each coating formulation down at a film thickness of 3.175 mm (⅛inch) and then cured for 14 days at 50% relative humidity (RH) and 22.2°C. (72° F.). Cut each formulation into 3.81 cm×3.81 cm(1.5-inch×1.5-inch) panels and test in triplicate by placing each into50 grams (g) of deionized (DI) water. Remove each panel at 24, 48 and168 hours, dry with a towel and weigh. The % water absorption is the %weight increase after immersion in water.

Impact on Water Vapor Permeability

Silicone materials are introduced to organic façade formulations toimprove their breathability. Evaluate EIFS Formulation 1 with twosilicone co-binders at 25 wt. % versus the active weight of the organicbinder (CE Q and CE R, Table 4). Evaluate the coating formulationslisted in Table 4 using a modified ASTM E-96 test method. Themodification of this test procedure involved the use of ¼ pint paintcans. Remove the lid rim from the can with a can opener. Removal of thelid rim typically leaves an inside can open diameter of 6 cm. Drill a3.175 mm (6.35 mm diameter hole for desiccant method) diameter holethrough the can at the open end and about 6.35 mm below the can rim. Thehole allows water or desiccant to be later injected into the can afterthe test sample is epoxied into the open can end.

Prepare coatings by troweling the coating formulation onto releasecoated paper at a wet thickness of 3.175 mm. Cure coatings for 14 daysat 50% relative humidity (RH) and 22.2° C. Cut the coating out usingscissors, or a suitable inside diameter hole saw in the drill press, toa diameter slightly larger than the can opening (i.e., 8 cm). Measurethe coating thickness for each before attaching the coating to the can(permanence depends on the thickness of the film). Epoxy the coatings tothe open can end to form an assembly using a bead of Miller-Stephenson907 two-part epoxy adhesive to insure resistance to water at the seal,where the coating is placed with the normal “in-service” side “up,” orfacing away from the bottom of the can. Allow the assembly to cure for24 hours at 75° F. and 50%, relative humidity before beginning the test.

Inject 75 ml of water, by syringe, into the assembly through the 3.175mm diameter hole. After adding the water, seal the hole with a smallpiece of electrical tape. Weigh the sealed assembly (coating end “up”)to four decimal places to get an initial or baseline weight.

Weigh the assembly every 24 hours for 10 days. During the first 48-hour,large fluctuations in weight loss (wet method) or gain (dry method) maybe observed. Typically, after 48-hours, weight losses or gains becomeconstant until a steady state weight loss/gain rate is reached. Uponreaching a steady weight loss/gain (seen when a plot of weight loss vs.time becomes a fairly straight line) stop the weighing and record thetotal time (in hours) over which the weight loss/gain occurred. Thedifference between the initial weight and the final weight at steadystate loss/gain is the weight loss/gain by moisture vapor passagethrough the test material into the CTR atmosphere.

Water Vapor Transmission (WVT), expressed in grains watervapor/hour/ft²=(weight loss, in grams)×15.43 grains per gram divided bytotal time for weight loss to occur (in hours) divided by area of canopening (in square feet). Permeance (in English perms), expressed ingrains of water vapor/hour/ft²/inch of Hg pressure differential=WVTvalue divided by 0.437 (for the following test conditions). Water VaporTransmission Rate (WVTR): the steady water vapor flow rate in unit timethrough unit area of a body, normal to specific parallel surfaces, underspecific conditions of temperature and humidity at each surface. Typicaltest conditions: assume 100% RH inside the sealed can assembly and 50%RH/75° F. in a controlled temperature room (CTR) atmosphere. Changesfrom these test conditions would result in changes in the calculationsfor both the WVT and perm determinations.

No significant impact on water vapor permeability was observed with theaddition of the organophosphonic acid.

TABLE 4 grains/ EIFS WVTR hr · ft² · inHg Organic Binder AdditiveFormulation Ave StDev CE P EI-2000 None EIFS 1 9.77 0.40 CE Q EI-200025% Tego-phobe ™ 1650 EIFS 1 8.33 0.25 EX 12 EI-2000 5% PhPO(OH)₂ EIFS 110.33 0.51 CE R EI-2000 25% DOWSIL ™ IE-2404 EIFS 1 9.33 2.10 EmulsionCE S Dispersion 1 None EIFS 1 9.80 1.65

Impact on Tint Retention

Tint EIFS Formulation 1 and the specified amount of phenyl phosphonicacid as seen in Table 5 with 1 gm of Colortrend™ Blue 888-7214 dye(www.chromaflo.com/) for each 100 gm of formulation. Trowel the coatingformulation onto aluminum panels at a wet thickness of 3.175 mm andallow to cure for 7 days at 50% relative humidity (RH) and 22.2° C.Place the panels in a QUV Weathering Tester (Q-Panel Company) with a QUVUVA-340 lamp (part #LU-8054a from Q-Panel Company). The coatings weresubjected to the conditions described in ASTM G154 method (irradianceset point of 0.68 W/m²*nm at 340 nm and cycled 8 hours light at 60° C.followed by 4 hours condensation at 50° C.). Measure the ΔE value at thespecified hours of exposure using the Spectro-Guide (model #6801 fromBYK-Gardner GmbH) to measure the Hunter CIE L*, a* and b* values.Calculate ΔE* (Total Color Difference) based on delta L*, a*, b* colordifferences and represents the distance of a line between the sample andstandard. CIE L*, a*, b* color values provide a complete numericaldescriptor of the color, in a rectangular coordinate system. Delta E(ΔEH)=sqrt ((ΔL)²+(Δa)²+(Δb)²). The addition of this additive doesimpact the A E value for the coating. As seen in the data of Table 5,the level of the additive is important.

TABLE 5 Description Wt. % Phenyl- Sample ID phosphonic Organic Delta EBLUE Acid Binder 1000 hrs 2000 hrs 3000 hrs 4000 hrs 5000 hrs Control  0% EI-2000 0.90 1.77 3.69 6.48 9.45 EX 13 0.7% EI-2000 1.40 1.74 2.334.13 7.25 EX 14 1.5% EI-2000 1.80 0.93 1.98 3.85 7.12 EX 15 3.0% EI-20001.05 1.48 2.84 5.77 8.02 EX 16 5.0% EI-2000 1.46 1.84 4.57 7.85 10.90

Evaluations in Lower PVC Coating Formulations

Evaluated a lower PVC coating formulation to determine if theorganophosphonic acid additive improves the water resistance of a 43 PVCcoating formulation. A formulation described in Table 6 was preparedwith the specified additive in Table 7. The formulations were preparedand allowed to sit for one day before the coatings were drawndown at awet film thickness 30 mils (0.76 mm). These coatings were allowed tocure for 14 days at 50% relative humidity (RH) and 22.2° C. The coatingswere cut into 1.5 inch diameter discs. Each coating was tested intriplicate by placing each disc into 50 grams (g) of deionized (DI)water. Each disc was remove at 24, and 168 hours, dry with a towel andweighed. The % water absorption is the % weight increase after immersionin water.

The data for water swell is presented in table 7. This data shows noimprovement to the coating formulation compared to the coating with noadditive.

TABLE 6 Raw Materials Weights (gm) Description Grind Water 152.5 Tamol ™850 4.8 Aqueous Acrylic Dispersant KTPP 1.4 Potassium Tetrapolyphosphate(Dispersant) Nopco NXZ 1.9 Defoamer Snowhite ® 12 422.2 CalciumCarbonate TiPure ® R-960 70.4 Titanium Dioxide Zoco ® 101 46.9 ZincOxide Letdown Rhoplex ™ EC-1791 470.6 Acrylic Copolymer Dispersion (55%Solids) Nopco NXZ 1.9 Defoamer Texanol Ester Alcohol 7.0 CoalescentSkane ™ M-8 2.1 Biocide Ammonia (28%) 1.0 Neutralizer Propylene Glycol24.4 Natrosol 250 MXR 4.2 Cellulose Ether Physical Constants % Solids66.9% By Weight 50.8% By Volume PVC 43.0 Density (lb/gal) 12.1 Viscosity(KU) 95 pH 8.6

TABLE 7 24 hr 7 day % H2O % H2O Binder % Additive vs Polymer Ave StDevAve StDev EC1791 0% 15.41% 0.68% 12.52% 1.02% EC1791 0.63%Phenylphosphonic 18.27% 0.70% 15.23% 1.68% Acid EC1791 0.29%Phenylphosphonic 20.52% 1.26% 17.02% 1.12% Acid EC1791 0.49%Vinylphosphonic 18.15% 2.20% 15.95% 2.10% Acid EC1791 0.86% 17.92% 0.86%13.01% 0.58% n-Octylphosphonic Acid EC1791 1.0% Phosphoric acid 16.71%2.39% 13.74% 1.66% 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Ester EC1791 4.66% 17.22%0.45% 13.36% 0.52% Octyltriethoxysilane

1. A coating formulation, comprising: a pigment; an organic aqueousemulsion; and an organophosphonic acid of the formula:

wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2 to 10 carbonatoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl having 5 to 10 carbonatoms.
 2. The coating formulation of claim 1, wherein the pigment ispresent in an amount to provide the coating formulation with a totalpigment volume concentration (PVC) content of 70 to 90 percent.
 3. Thecoating formulation of claim 1, wherein the pigment is present in anamount to provide the coating formulation with a total PVC content of 75to 85 percent.
 4. The coating formulation of claim 1, wherein thepigment is titanium dioxide.
 5. The coating formulation of claim 1,wherein the organic aqueous emulsion is selected from the groupconsisting of an acrylic aqueous emulsion, a polyurethane dispersion, apolyolefin dispersion and combinations thereof.
 6. The coatingformulation of claim 1, wherein the organic aqueous emulsion is anacrylic aqueous emulsion.
 7. The coating formulation of claim 6, whereinthe polymer resin is formed with a monomer selected from the groupconsisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate,acrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,styrene and combinations thereof.
 8. The coating formulation of claim 6,wherein the coating formulation includes 4 to 12 weight percent (wt. %)of the polymer resin from the acrylic aqueous emulsion, wherein the wt.% of the polymer resin is the dry weight of the acrylic aqueous emulsionbased on the total solids weight of the coating formulation.
 9. Thecoating formulation of claim 1, wherein R of the organophosphonic acidis phenyl.
 10. The coating formulation of claim 1, wherein R is anunsaturated alkyl having 2 carbon atoms to provide ethenylphosphonicacid.
 11. The coating formulation of claim 1, wherein the coatingformulation includes 0.5 to 5 wt. % of the organophosphonic acid basedon the total solids weight of the coating formulation.
 12. The coatingformulation of claim 1, wherein the organophosphonic acid is selectedfrom the group consisting of 4-methoxyphenyl phosphonic acid,benzylphosphonic acid, butylphosphonic acid, carboxyethylphosphonicacid, diphenylphosphinic acid, dodecylphosphonic acid,ethylidenediphosphonic acid, heptadecylphosphonic acid,methylbenzylphosphinic acid, naphthylmethylphosphinic acid,octadecylphosphonic acid, octylphosphonic acid, pentylphosphonic acid,methylphenylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, styrene phosphonicacid, dodecyl bis-1,12-phosphonic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) phosphonicacid and combinations thereof.
 13. The coating formulation of claim 1,wherein the coating formulation further includes a filler selected fromthe group consisting of silicon dioxide, sand, aggregate andcombinations thereof.
 14. The coating formulation of claim 1, whereinthe coating formulation further includes an extender selected from thegroup consisting of clay, calcium carbonate, silicates, aluminasilicates, talc, dolomite, silicate minerals and combinations thereof.15. A topcoat in an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) formedusing the coating formulation of claim 1.